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aster dm healthcare limited (540975) to launch new product line ✌️【Stock Trends】✌️ Real-time India stock and global stock indices, futures prices, and data to help you make efficient investment decisions. When the remains of an early human ancestor were found in Ethiopia in 1974, the discovery provided an unprecedented look at a species that lived millions of years before humans walked the Earth.
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Lucy was shorter than the average human, reaching about 3.3 feet (1 meter) in height, had an ape-like face and a brain about one-third the size of a human brain.
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“The defining aspect of what makes us human is the ability to walk on two legs, but understanding how and why this evolved has been debated for a long time,” said Wiseman, who is the Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
“With recent advances in computational modeling, it is now possible to investigate these questions. Of course, in the fossil record we are left looking at the bare bones. But muscles animate the body — they allow you to walk, run, jump and even dance. So, if we want to understand how our ancestors moved, we first need to reconstruct their soft tissues.”
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Lucy’s skeleton differs from humans because she had shorter legs and a more platelike pelvis (when viewed from the top down).
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“Lucy lived 3.2 million years ago on the African savannah. She would need to have walked over uneven ground and explored a mixture of forested environments and open grassland,” Wiseman said.
“Larger muscle mass typically means greater muscle force, and it is very unsurprising to find that the reconstructions of Lucy’s muscles demonstrates that she had greater muscle mass than a human, enabling her to move freely between these different environments.”
Paleoanthropologists have wondered about Lucy’s posture because her skeleton differs from modern humans.
Humans have a stable stance with fully straightened legs, but when chimpanzees stand upright, they can’t straighten their legs. They walk with a crouched posture due to their bent hips and knees, which is why chimps largely walk on all fours.
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“I was very surprised to find that the knee extensors (those muscles that produce and maintain a straight knee when you stand upright) were so comparable to the human,” Wiseman said. “This means that Lucy could stand and likely walk as efficiently as we can.”
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“Lucy likely walked and moved in a way that we do not see in any living species today,” Wiseman said.
“If Lucy was a biped just like we are and walked exclusively on two legs, then she should be able to move in similar ways as we can,” Wiseman said.
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