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what is the short term outlook for usha martin limited (517146) ✌️【Market Analysis】✌️ AI-driven stock trend forecasting with free access to real-time market data, offering personalized investment advice and expert predictions. Sign up for 【 - Free Consultation 】’s Wonder Theory science newsletter.Explore the universe with news on fascinating discoveries, scientific advancements and more.

what is the short term outlook for usha martin limited (517146) ✌️【Market Analysis】✌️ Expert predictions and real-time data on global stock indices, metals, energy, and agricultural products to help you make more informed decisions and boost your investment returns. Benefit from cutting-edge market intelligence for steady growth. An odd little gourd called the squirting cucumber has an explosive reproductive strategy that has intrigued naturalists since the days of the Roman Empire. Squirting cucumbers blast their seeds over distances hundreds of times their length, and now scientists know how the plants do it.

what is the short term outlook for usha martin limited (517146) ✌️【Market Analysis】✌️ Receive expert stock predictions with real-time updates on global market trends, including stock indices, futures prices, and forex fluctuations. Use our insights to improve your investment strategies and boost your returns. A squirting cucumber in action is a remarkable sight, but if you blink, you might miss it — the eruption lasts about 0.03 second (30 milliseconds). When ripe, the hairy green fruit measures about 1.6 inches (4 centimeters) long. As it drops from a stem, it launches a fountain of seeds and sticky liquid at a velocity of around 45 miles per hour (20 meters per second), with seeds reaching distances of about 33 feet (10 meters).

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“It is a new idea that optimal seed dispersal is not only about building the greatest pressure in the fruit,” said Dr. Angela Hay, a research group leader at the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research in Cologne, Germany. Hay has previously written aboutexplosive seed dispersalbut was not involved in the new research.

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“We’ve worked on some other projects together, and have a really good collaborative relationship,” Moulton told 【 - Free Consultation 】 in an email. “He shows me a plant that does something interesting, and then I try to use mathematics to understand some aspect.”

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“He bent down and gave one a squeeze, and you could hear a tiny little squirt, but we couldn’t see anything happen, it was too fast,” Moulton said. “So we took some fruits back to the lab, where we filmed the ejection with high speed cameras. It was amazing. We were hooked, and we wanted to understand it.”

High-speed videos of the cucumbers were just the beginning. The researchers used CT scans to study the internal arrangement of the seeds, tested the stiffness of plant parts and captured time-lapse videos in the days leading up to a seed launch to track physical changes in the stems and fruits. With mathematical models based on their data, the scientists created simulations of seeds taking flight and predicted where they would land.

“Our mathematical framework came from thinking about the physics of the process, both before and during the seed ejection, and included mathematical descriptions of both the fruit and the stem and how they interact,” Moulton said.

Days before a seed launch, a lot was going on inside the cucumbers, the researchers observed. As the fruits swelled with fluid, some of that fluid also flowed into the stem, thickening and stiffening it so that the dangling fruit lifted from a near-vertical hanging position to an angle of about 45 degrees. Squirting from this angle, rather than straight up, is a better strategy for the plant, enabling it to spit the seeds farther, according to the study.

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“It’s not enough to just fire your seeds far — you also want them well spread out if you want to increase the likelihood that some of them survive to make new plants,” Moulton said. “There is this whole orchestration of activity that contributes to where the seeds go. And since all of that detail lived in our mathematical model, we were able to show how fine tuned Ecballium is for successful dispersal.”

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“Many interesting traits are not found in model organisms,” she said. “This paper shows how we can learn from diversity.”

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“How many people have ever associated cucumbers with rapid motion?” he asked. “I was quite happy just to be able to uncover something about the mechanism of this fascinating little cucumber.”

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