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Lucy was shorter than the average human, reaching about 3.3 feet (1 meter) in height, had an ape-like face and a brain about one-third the size of a human brain.
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“The defining aspect of what makes us human is the ability to walk on two legs, but understanding how and why this evolved has been debated for a long time,” said Wiseman, who is the Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
“With recent advances in computational modeling, it is now possible to investigate these questions. Of course, in the fossil record we are left looking at the bare bones. But muscles animate the body — they allow you to walk, run, jump and even dance. So, if we want to understand how our ancestors moved, we first need to reconstruct their soft tissues.”
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bullish pattern emerging on bombay rayon fashions limited (brfl) ✌️【Investment Strategy】✌️ AI-driven stock trend forecasting with free access to real-time market data, offering personalized investment advice and expert predictions. Then, she used scans of Lucy’s fossil to determine how her joints were articulated and moved in life. Wiseman layered in 36 muscles in each leg using the “muscle map” from the modern human data, combined with “muscle scarring,” or the discernible traces of muscle connection that are detectable in fossils.
Lucy’s skeleton differs from humans because she had shorter legs and a more platelike pelvis (when viewed from the top down).
bullish pattern emerging on bombay rayon fashions limited (brfl) ✌️【Investment Strategy】✌️ Real-time stock market data, precise predictions, and investment strategies to help you optimize your portfolio and achieve financial success. Wiseman’s model showed that while a modern human’s thigh was about 50% muscle mass, with the rest attributed to fat and bone, Lucy’s thigh would have been nearly 75% muscle. Overall, Lucy’s leg muscles were much larger and took up more space than those of modern humans.
“Lucy lived 3.2 million years ago on the African savannah. She would need to have walked over uneven ground and explored a mixture of forested environments and open grassland,” Wiseman said.
“Larger muscle mass typically means greater muscle force, and it is very unsurprising to find that the reconstructions of Lucy’s muscles demonstrates that she had greater muscle mass than a human, enabling her to move freely between these different environments.”
Paleoanthropologists have wondered about Lucy’s posture because her skeleton differs from modern humans.
Humans have a stable stance with fully straightened legs, but when chimpanzees stand upright, they can’t straighten their legs. They walk with a crouched posture due to their bent hips and knees, which is why chimps largely walk on all fours.
bullish pattern emerging on bombay rayon fashions limited (brfl) ✌️【Investment Strategy】✌️ Free expert predictions on stock trends and real-time data to help you make informed decisions and grow your wealth steadily. The 3D model showed that the leverage of Lucy’sknee extensor musclesmeant that she could stand erect like modern humans.
“I was very surprised to find that the knee extensors (those muscles that produce and maintain a straight knee when you stand upright) were so comparable to the human,” Wiseman said. “This means that Lucy could stand and likely walk as efficiently as we can.”
bullish pattern emerging on bombay rayon fashions limited (brfl) ✌️【Investment Strategy】✌️ Accurate real-time market data and expert stock predictions for profitable investment opportunities in global markets. Australopiths such as Lucy lived in an environment that included both open grasslands and dense forests, and had bodies adapted to thrive both on the ground and in trees.
“Lucy likely walked and moved in a way that we do not see in any living species today,” Wiseman said.
“If Lucy was a biped just like we are and walked exclusively on two legs, then she should be able to move in similar ways as we can,” Wiseman said.
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